Ancient Civilizations
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Image Gallery
Below are a few course-related images from the ancient Mediterranean world.
Sumer A Sumerian cylinder seal depicting Gilgamesh and Enkidu battling Humababa.
ca. 1400–1300 BCE.
Sumer Neo-Assyrian image of a hero overpowering a lion.
Iron Age
Sumer Cylinder seal showing Gilgamesh and Enkidu killing the forest guardian Humbaba (right three figures).
Mitannian, c. 1400–1300 BCE.
Sumer Sumerian image of Inanna.
Sumer The Sumerian Standard of Ur (Peace side).
2600 BCE.
Sumer Sumerian farmers and fisherfolk.
Mesopotamia The Etemenanki ziggurat, Babylon.
Mesopotamia Ishtar holding a symbol of leadership.
Terracotta relief, early 2nd millennium BCE. From Eshnunna.
Mesopotamia Bronze head of Sargon I, king of Akkad.
Akkadian, ca. 2300 BCE, from the excavations at Nineveh.
Mesopotamia Ashurbanipal, King of Assyria (669–631 BCE).
Mesopotamia Lion from the Ishtar Gate, Babylon.
Hittite A Hittite sacrifice.
Egypt Egyptian tomb painting of Anubis assisting the dead.
Egypt Nobleman and his wife, Egypt, Old Kingdom.
5th Dynasty, 2494-2345 BCE.
Egypt Colossal statues of Old Kingdom pharaohs at Luxor, capital city of Upper Egypt.
Egypt Seated statue of Hatshepsut.
ca. 1479–1458 BCE.
Egypt Bust of Nefertiti, the Great Royal Wife of Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaten
1345 BCE.
Egypt Queen Nefertiti (right) being guided into the afterlife by Isis and Horus (center) and welcomed by Maat (left), goddess of balance and order.
Tomb of Nefertiti, ca. 1255 BCE.
Egypt A detail from the throne of Tutankhamun which shows the pharaoh with his wife Ankhsenamun.
ca. 1327 BCE, National Museum, Cairo.
Egypt Depiction of the library at Alexandria (Egypt).
Cyprus Limestone figure of a man bearing a ram in preparation for a sacrifice, from ancient Cyprus.
6th century BCE, Cyprus. Met Museum.
Canaan Figurine of a Canaanite priest.
Canaan Assyrian relief depicting the deportation of Judeans.
Lachish, 701 BCE.
Canaan A modern rendering of the Jewish god Yahweh.
Persia A Persian rendering of Ahuramazda.
Persia Bearers bringing tribute to the Persian Great King.
Persepolis, 6th century BCE.
India An image of Gautama Buddha.
Greece Gold funeral mask, said to be the death mask of Agamemnon.
Mycenae, 1550–1500 BCE.
Greece Fresco depicting bull-leading from Knossos, Crete.
Greece Ancient fresco from Knossos palace at Crete.
ca. 1500 BCE
Greece Minoan fresco of a Lady with the sacral knot at the back of the neck that seems to indicate that she is a priestess or even a goddess.
ca. 1400 BCE. The Herakleion Archaeological Museum, Crete.
Greece Wall paintng of a Mycenaean priest.
Greece Briseis (right) being taken away from Achilles (left).
Pompeiian fresco, 1st century CE.
Greece Attic black-figure band cup depicting farming work.
ca. 430 BCE.
Greece Singer with lyre, representing a rhapsode or master storyteller from early Iron Age Greece.
Greek bronze, geometric, 8th century BCE.
Greece Greek figurines depicting food preparation.
Greece Footrace, Terracotta Panathenaic prize amphora.
ca. 530 BCE. Attributed to the Euphiletos Painter.
Greece Black figure depiction of hoplite soldiers.
© Tanya Borozenets | Dreamstime.com
Greece Modern statue of King Leonidas at Sparta.
Greece Statue of Lycurgus, Lawgiver of Sparta.
Law Courts of Brussels, Belgium.
Greece Epigraphic stele listing tributes to the Delian League.
439-432 BCE.
Greece Krater depicting a Greek discus thrower.
Greece An orator speaking to the Athenian people.
Greece A Greek leader speaking to the people.
Greece Stoa of Attalos, Athens
Greece A female aulos-player entertains men at a symposium.
Attic red-figure bell-krater, c. 420 BCE.
Greece A depiction of Antigone.
Greece Red-figure cup showing the death of Pentheus, from The Bacchae
ca. 480 BCE.
Greece A modern cartoon depicting Strepsiades burning the Thinkery.
19th century.
Greece A scene from Clouds: “Socrates” making his entrance, descending in a basket.
Greece A modern statue honoring Herodotus.
Vienna, Austria.
Greece Odeon of Herodes Atticus, Acropolis, Athens.
Greece A modern depiction of Orestes pursued by the Furies.
Painting by William-Adolphe Bouguereau, 1862.
Greece Hermaic pillar with a female portrait; inscription identifies the subject as the poet Sappho.
Greece The School of Athens, a fresco by Raphael (1511).
Painting by Raphael, 1509-1511 CE.
Greece Statue of Athena wearing a Corinthian helmet, the aegis and Gorgoneion (detail)
ca. 180-190 CE.
Greece Ruins of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi.
Greece Laocoön and His Sons.
Hellenistic ca. 1st century CE, recovered 1506 CE.
Macedon Philip II, king of Makedon, detail of a medallion.
Macedon Bust of Alexander III, king of Makedon and Asia. Found in the Roman Capital.
Macedon Bust of Alexander the Great
Rome A relief presentation of the Italian peninsula.
Rome Detail of Aeneas or Numa from the Ara Pacis in Rome.
Ara Pacis, 13 CE.
Rome A modern depiction of the Rape of Lucretia.
Painting by Titian, 1571.
Rome The Apollo of Veii.
Rome A modern depiction of Cincinnatus being called from his plow to serve as dictator.
Rome A Roman fresco depicting youths playing a ball game.
Rome Roman cuirass and equipment.
Rome A colorized bust of Hannibal Barca.
Rome A patrician Roman with masks of his ancestors.
Rome Images of priests and senators on the side of the Ara Pacis.
Ara Pacis, 13 CE.
Rome Part of a family group from a Roman sarcophagus.
Rome Statue of an unknown young Roman.
Rome Head of a Vestal Virgin.
Sculpture by Antonio Canova (1821 to 1822). Neoclassical, marble.
Rome Sitting vestals at a banquet.
Marble fragment from Luna in Italy
Rome Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus.
Rome A bust of Lucius Cornelius Sulla.
1st century BCE.
Rome A statue of Julius Caesar in Turin.
Rome The Death of Julius Caesar (1805) by Vincenzo Camuccini
Rome Bust of Julius Caesar.
Rome Marcus Porcius Cato (known as Cato the Younger).
Rome A senator speaking to the Roman senate.
Rome, HBO 2005.
Rome Coins depicting Antony and Octavian as triumvirs (III VIR).
Rome Statue of emperor Augustus.
Velletri, 1st century CE.
Rome Statue of Augustus.
Rome Augustus of Prima Porta statue.
ca. 15 CE.
Rome The dome interior of the Pantheon, Rome.
Rome Frieze of Agrippina crowning her young son Nero with a laurel wreath.
Aphrodisias, 54-59 CE.
Rome The emperor Caligula, on film and as a Roman bust.
Rome Slave woman from a Pompeii Fresco.
House of Punished Love VII, 2, 23, 1st century CE.
Rome A fresco of a Romano-Italian woman with a stylus and a wax tablet.
Pompeii, 79 CE.
Rome An animal being led to sacrifice at an altar.
Rome Portrait bust of Marcus Aurelius
Rome Marcus Aurelius conducting an animal sacrifice.
Rome Bronze rendering of the emperor Marcus Aurelius leading a sacrifice.
Rome Roman scribe shown with his stylus and wax tablets.
Tomb stele at Flavia Solva, Noricum.
Rome Defeat of Roman emperor Valerian (r. 253-260 CE) by the Persian king Shapur.
A sardonyx cameo, ca. 260 CE. Cabinet des Médailles, National Library, Paris.
Rome Modern bronze statue of Constantine the Great looking down upon his broken sword, which forms the shape of a cross.
York, 1998.
Rome Early Christian image of Jesus’s crucifixion.
Acropolis (Agreader)
Adonis (Adonis Mourant)
Antinous (Antinous Profile)
Aphrodite (Aphrodite Of Milos)
Aphrodite (Venus De Milo)
Apollo Of Veii (Veii Apollo)
Augur (Augur)
Augustus Priest (Course Images Ar9)
Babylon (Babylon)
Barber (Course Images Barber)
Battle Caudine (Battle Of Caudine Forks)
Birds (Course Images Birds)
Bull Leaping (Dreamstime M 77583962)
Caesar (Caesar Rubicon)
Camillus (Camillus Trionfo Di Di Furio Camillo)
Censor (Censor)
Centaur (Lefkandi Centaur)
Christ (Christianity)
Cincinnatus (Cincinnatus)
Cleopatra (Cleopatra)
Colline Gate (The British Library - Rome - Porta Collina@0,5X)
Colossus (Colossus Of Rhodes)
Convivium (Convivium)
Dying Gaul (Dying Gaul.W710.H473.2X)
Education (Tablet 166945)
Election (Roman Election)
Election (Roman Voting Scene)
Epic Of Gilgamesh (Aw205A)
Epic Of Gilgamesh (Aw206A)
Epic Of Gilgamesh (Aw208A)
Epic Of Gilgamesh (Aw217A)
Epic Of Gilgamesh (Aw217B)
Faun (Barberini Faun Front Glyptothek Munich 218 N2)
Greek Women (Women)
Kouros (Course Images Kouros)
Leonidas (Leonidas2)
Manlius Torq (Manlius Torquatus)
Map - Africa (North Africa)
Map - Agricultural (2A Neolithic Agricultural Revolution Sites)
Map - Akkad (Akkadian Empire)
Map - Alexander (Alexander’S Conquest)
Map - Anatolia (Map Anatolia)
Map - Aramea (D Spread Of Aramaeans And Aramaic)
Map - Asia (Asia)
Map - Asia (Asian Civilizations 2)
Map - Asia (Asian Civilizations)
Map - Athens (G Attica And Athens)
Map - Battle Cannae (1Battle Of Cannæ)
Map - Battle Marathon (1Marathon)
Map - Battle Salamis (1Battle Of Salamis (1))
Map - Battle Therm (1Battle Of Thermopylae And Movements To Salamis, 480 BCE)
Map - Byzantine (Byzantine Empire)
Map - Canaan (Map Canaan2)
Map - Delian League (H2 Delian League)
Map - Diadochi (Diadochi (After Ipsus))
Map - Egypt (Map Egypt)
Map - Egypt (Map Egypt2)
Map - Egypt (Map Of Pharaonic Egypt)
Map - Egypt (Map Of Upper And Lower Egypt)
Map - Egypt (New Kingdom Empire)
Map - Fertile (A Bronze Age Fertile Crescent)
Map - Greek Colonies (D Greek Colonization In Mediterranean)
Map - Hellas (0 Aegean Regions By Dialect)
Map - Hellas (0 Satellite Map Of The Aegean)
Map - Hellas (Ancientgreekdialects (Woodard))
Map - Hellas (H1 Persian Wars)
Map - Hellas (H2 Athenian Empire 450 BCE)
Map - Hellas (H2 Athens Map With Peiraieus)
Map - Hellas (H3 Peloponnesian War)
Map - Hellas (L Aegean Under The Romans)
Map - Hellas (Map Aegean2)
Map - Hellas (Pel War Map 1)
Map - Hellenistic (Hellenistic East)
Map - Hittites (A Hittite Kingdom)
Map - Indo European (2B Neolithic Indo European Migrations)
Map - Israel (C Israel Around 1000 BCE)
Map - Italy (0 Ancient Italy)
Map - Italy (C Dialects Of Early Italy)
Map - Italy (D Dialects Of Iron Age Italy)
Map - Italy (H Italy 500 BCE)
Map - Italy (Italiana300)
Map - Italy (J Roman Conquest Of Italy)
Map - Italy (Map Italy2)
Map - Macedon (Macedon - Philippian Expansion)
Map - Mediterranean (0 Physical Map - Europe, N Africa, W Asia)
Map - Mediterranean (Map Mediterranean World@0,5X)
Map - Mesopotamia (Map Mesopotamia2)
Map - Mesopotamia (Neo Assyrian Empire)
Map - Minoan (Minoan Crete)
Map - Myceneans (A Aegean Area In The Bronze Age)
Map - Peloponnese (G Peloponnese Regions And Spartan Alliances)
Map - Period Of Calamities (3A End Of Bronze Age)
Map - Period Of Calamities (3B Collapse Of The Bronze Age)
Map - Persia (Cyrus Map)
Map - Persia (G Persian Empire Early Growth)
Map - Persia (H Persian Empire 500 BCE)
Map - Persia (Persia Map)
Map - Persia (Persian Empire 500 BCE - Vassals And Satraps)
Map - Persia (Persian Wars Map)
Map - Phoenicians (Phoenician Trade Routes)
Map - Punic War (J2 Hannibalic War)
Map - Roman Empire (L Roman Empire 2Bce)
Map - Roman Empire (M Roman Empire - Augustus To Trajan)
Map - Roman Empire (M Roman Empire - Provinces)
Map - Roman Empire (O Division Of The Empire Under Diocletian)
Map - Roman Empire (Roman Nations Movements)
Map - Roman Empire (Rome - Cimbri And Teutones)
Map - Roman Empire (Third Century Crisis)
Map - Rome (J The Forum During The Republic)
Map - Rome (M Map Of Ancient Rome In The Early Principate)
Map - Rome (Roman Civil War)
Map - Sicilian Expedition (1Sicilian Expedition)
Map - Sumer (Sumer)
Map - Sw Asia (0 Physical Map Of Southwest Asia)
Map - Thebes (I Theban Hegemony 362 BCE)
Map - World (River Civilizations)
Marcus Aurelius (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Pius Small Lucius Verus And Hadrian Adoption)
Minoan Fresco (Dreamstime M 41415769)
Minoan Goddess (Dreamstime M 59495662 Resize)
Minoan Octopus (Octopus Flask New Palace Period Minoan)
Muleteer (Muleteer)
Nike (Nike Of Samothrake Louvre Ma2369 N4)
Old Woman (Marble Statue Of An Old Woman)
Priest Sacrifice (Moschophoros.)
Roman Legion (Legionary)
Sack Of Rome (Brennus Ransom)
Sack Of Rome (Brennus Spoils)
Sack Of Rome (Brennus)
Stag (Stag Hunt Mosaic, Pella)
Sumerian Farmers (Course Images Sumerian Farmers)
Tarpeian Rock (Tarpeian Rock)
Temple Juno (Templo De Juno Moneta.1)
Third Century Crisis (Third Century Crisis)
Etruria Etruscan cinerary urn featuring a content old woman reclining holding a pomegranate.
300-100 BCE